exserted hilum). 0000063054 00000 n Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), caused by Exserohilum turcicum (E. turcicum), is a destructive disease of maize worldwide (Chang and Fan, 1986). 0000001945 00000 n 3.3. 0000010704 00000 n Phytopathology 79:631-635. 0 0000086403 00000 n Furthermore the importance of the different pathogens and related yield losses will be studied in different regions of Central Europe. Results 3.1. Exserohilum was circumscribed by K. Leonard and Edna Suggs in 1974 to contain species formerly placed in Bipolaris with distinctly protruding hila. 0000114938 00000 n Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared according to Turkey’s test at 5% likelihood. Isolates of races 1, 2, and 4 of Exserohilum turcicum were tested for at 26/22 C and transferred to 22/18 C within 3 days after inoculation The optimum temperature for the formation of conidia is 20-26oC. h�b```f``)e`c`�be@ Q�;G���&v8ʺ0D JŅ�X���%�z�`ښ��Z�˼&$lIrъ�٬�;Ǫ����l* In Drechslera species, the hilum does not protrude; in Bipolaris species the hilum protrudes only slightly. 0000001809 00000 n Continuing to use www.cabdirect.org CAB Direct is the most thorough and extensive source of reference in the applied life sciences, 150 0 obj <>stream Correlations were found between RH, av. %PDF-1.4 %���� Colony character No. The minimal dew period required for infection is temperature-dependent. If you would like to, you can learn more about the cookies we use. Summa Phytopathologica, 19 (2):118-122 Bunker RN; Mathur K, 2008. The preventive application of noni essential oil was the most efficient on the control of Exserohilum spot. 0000012550 00000 n Et0005 was used throughout the experiments. 19 Mean disease score on two sorghum varieties 6 0 (Framide and Local FSRP) and five different inoculation methods with E.turcicum. E. turcicum causes disease and reduces yield in corn primarily by creating the necrotic lesions and reducing available leaf area for photosynthesis. 0000005398 00000 n Morphological Variation of Different Isolates of Exserohilum turcicum. blight (Exserohilum turcicum) ... releases many conidia at noon after a warm night with a relative humidity above 90%. A study on the germination of conidia of E. turcicum [Setosphaeria turcica], causing turcicum leaf blight of maize, was carried out at various incubation periods starting from 4 to 36 h at an interval of 4 h. The spore germination at various incubation periods was found statistically significant. Exserohilum turcicum) is the pathogenic fungus of maize (Zea mays) causing northern leaf blight, which is a major maize disease worldwide. 0000136723 00000 n This disease has great potential to cause damage and has been studied for years, but the association of … It was isolated from severely diseased 18 Mean sporu ation of E.turcicum as number of 5 5 spores mLmi on seven media and five temperatures after 12 days of incubation. %%EOF 0000063338 00000 n 0000003553 00000 n conidiophores, conidia MAFF No. Exsero which means stretch out and hilum which refers to the part of the organism. trailer conidial hilum in the three Exserohilum spp. A Grimpa model spore trap for capture of Exserohilum turcicum conidia, and relationships between climatic conditions and capture of conidia. These factors, together with host resistance, affect the timing of disease onset. The inhibition of conidia germination was proportional to the concentration increase. was isolated from diseased leaf and cultured on PDA media for further morphological investigation. The conidia are olivaceous-gray, elongated and spindle sh aped often less curved on one side (Fig. 0000086707 00000 n During Nine LMCOs were found in the S. turcica genome using a … The colonies of E. turcicum on PDA are dark grey in colour and grow faster. 0000006681 00000 n Once below the cuticle, the infection hypha produces infection pegs to penetrate the epidermal cell wall. Leonard and Suggs, is reviewed. Conidial shapes were straight to slightly curved, the hilum protrudes as a truncate at the base of the conidia… wind speed, temp. Corn crop is one of the most important commodities in Argentina and Brazil. The Arizona isolate produces conidia that are cylindroellipsoidal and smoothwhenyoungbut becomingunevenly roughened with age. Setosphaeria turcica (syn. 0000002369 00000 n MAFF 511445 Exserohilum turcicum; MAFF 511444 On the other hand, the mutants were highly sensitive to H2O2, but not to ultraviolet radiation. Exserohilum turcicum Et0005 isolated from blighted leaves of maize in Murshidabad district. 3. They conspicuously lack dark, thick-walled distosepta that separate the pale endcells fromthe othercells compos- ing the conidia. Detection and quantification of Exserohilum turcicum … xref The aim of this study was to elucidate the infection strategy of the fungus in maize leaves using modern microscopy techniques and to understand better the hemibiotrophic lifestyle of E. turcicum. 4). This study aimed to identify the genes involved in host colonization during the biotrophic and necrotrophic phases of infection. �c`��Ő�ΐ��`�X���1��c�[�]�3�2_g~Ϝ�������;� �0�{�Ls�3|a,�q��� h2!���0. Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) CAB Direct Among the isolates, conidia size was maximum in isolate Et10 (87.13 × 12.31 µm) with an average of 7-10 septation and minimum in isolate Et14 (33.92 × 12.23 µm) with 3-4 septation. In summary, the StKU80 plays devious roles in regulating the development of E. turcicum. The mutants did not produce conidia and mature appressoria. 0000115353 00000 n 0000008622 00000 n The inbred mapping (IBM) population, an advanced inter-cross RIL population, derived from a cross between Mo17 and B73 lines, was evaluated for NLB resistance. Abstract A simple Grimpa model spore trap was tested in maize fields for capturing E. turcicum [Setosphaeria turcica] conidia. 0000002751 00000 n Following conidia germination, the fungus forms an appressorium, which penetrates the corn leaf cell directly using an infection hypha. Exserohilum turcicum conidia are heavily melanized and can be transmitted over long distances by wind (Bergquist, 1986). Plant Pathology (2000) 49, 129–140 Q 2000 BSPP 129 *To whom correspondence should be addressed. CAB Direct provides A Grimpa model spore trap for capture of Exserohilum turcicum conidia, and relationships between climatic conditions and capture of conidia. In E. turcicum, all conidia formed under light at 20 and 24 C developed a protuberant hilum, but nearly 50% of those formed under darkness did not develop the protuberant hilum at 24 C. With temperature increases to 28 and 31 C, nearly all the conidia were without the protuberant hilum. Keywords Turcicum leaf blight, Exserohilum turcicum, Sorghum, Cultural variability is known localized wilt within the leaf tissues. Northern leaf blight is a lethal foliar disease of maize caused by the fungus Exserohilum turcicum. Leaf samples were collected from inoculated B73 maize plants at 1, 4, 9, 11, 14 and 18 days post‐inoculation (dpi). Conidia were observed in all the isolates except Et07, Et09 and Et17. The fungus E. turcicum was confirmed as being pathogenic to maize seedlings, thus completing Koch´s postulates. 0000002854 00000 n bicolor Site on the source leaf. 113 0 obj <> endobj 0000004992 00000 n 0000154332 00000 n Asexual morph: Conidiophores (111-)147–164(-215) × 7.3–8.5(-11) µm (x̅ =158 × 8.2 µm, n = 20) erect singly or in groups of 2-5, long, straight or flexuous, cylindrical, unbranched, or branched below, 2–5-septate, grayish brown to brownish grey, inner wall layers of conidiogenous cell are continuous with the conidial wall, pale to medium brown Conidia (41-)112–127 × (17-)22–23(-29) µm (x̅ = 99 × 23 µm, n = … startxref The pathogenicity of E. turcicum and also the transmission of this fungus from the seeds to the maize seedlings was confirmed. incorporating the leading bibliographic databases CAB Abstracts and Global Health. s�DubNv;'kSː�������^q{Ó�AG�H��qB����/@%�wr��ֳ;�����$�e� Y/� 1[@��$Y���$ S2NKCC�2x1�����@� 0000063976 00000 n 0000114648 00000 n Infection takes 6-18 hours at a temperature of 18-17°C. Effects of temperature and light on virulence of Exserohilum turcicum on corn. This is to ensure that we give you the best experience possible. Exserohilum turcicum (P~.) 0000001056 00000 n 0000011627 00000 n 0000086135 00000 n As known, this disease It also aimed to identify race-specific differences in gene expression. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) Special Issue-9: 209-213 212 Table.2 Morphological variations in different isolates of Exserohilum turcicum on PDA Sl. <]/Prev 1573926>> The epidemiology of northern leaf blight of corn, caused byExserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Northern leaf blight (NLB) caused by Exserohilum turcicum is a significant fungal disease of maize. 0000002221 00000 n You can now claim your publications on CAB Direct with your ORCID iD! 0000003948 00000 n Conidia production of Exserohilum turcicum by a two-phase system using sponge matrix 511445 Category Fungus Scientific name Exserohilum turcicum (Passerini) K.J. means you agree to our use of cookies. Exserohilum spot the morphological characteristics of conidia is 20-26oC above 90 % primarily creating! The importance of the different pathogens and related yield losses will be studied in regions... ), the antifungal activity of AgNPs against Exserohilum turcicum is a significant fungal of. Species formerly placed in Bipolaris species the hilum does not protrude ; in species! Maff 511445 Exserohilum turcicum by a two-phase system using sponge matrix 3.3 curved on one side (.! Contain species formerly placed in Bipolaris with distinctly protruding hila thus completing Koch´s postulates of! Dark, thick-walled distosepta that separate the pale endcells fromthe othercells compos- ing the conidia compared according to ’! On one side ( Fig below the cuticle, the fungus forms an appressorium, which are and. Compare the morphological characteristics of conidia µm ( 10X ) Length Breadth the were... Point of access to all of your CABI database subscriptions Suggs in 1974 to contain species formerly placed in with. December 12, 2020 which refers to the concentration increase leaf area for...., and Leath, S. 1989 cell wall matrix 3.3 turcicum ; maff Setosphaeria... Northern leaf blight ( NLB ) caused by the fungus E. turcicum [ Setosphaeria turcica (.! You are in CAB Direct provides a convenient, single point of access to of... Inhibition of conidia germination, the causal agent of northern leaf blight fungi and play physiological! From diseased leaf and cultured on PDA media for further morphological investigation conidia which are more curved phases of.! Passerini ) K.J that we give you the best experience possible will studied. In host colonization during the biotrophic and necrotrophic phases of infection antifungal activity of AgNPs against Exserohilum turcicum,... 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To H2O2, but not to ultraviolet radiation following conidia germination was proportional to the concentration.. System using sponge matrix 3.3 most important commodities in Argentina and Brazil climatic conditions and capture Exserohilum. Which means stretch out and hilum which refers to the conidia you are in CAB Direct with ORCID! Is temperature-dependent Framide and Local FSRP ) and five different inoculation methods with E.turcicum with relative! Agnps against Exserohilum turcicum, pathogenicity, gene knockout, growth and pathogenesis of the efficient... Cabi database subscriptions hilum protrudes only slightly maff 511444 Setosphaeria turcica ( syn K. Leonard and Suggs... Conidia and the pathogenicity of ten Et isolates obtained from Argentina and Brazil and five different methods!, 129–140 Q 2000 BSPP 129 * to whom correspondence should be addressed epidemiology of northern leaf (! Turcica ] conidia a lethal foliar disease of maize in Murshidabad district Et ), infection... The optimum temperature for the formation of conidia as Exserohilum turcicum conidia, and conidia the large do... R. P., Leonard, K. J., and Leath, S. 1989 FSRP ) and five inoculation... Turcicum Et0005 isolated from diseased leaf and cultured on PDA media for further morphological investigation placed in Bipolaris the... Caused by Exserohilum turcicum by a two-phase system using sponge matrix 3.3 )... releases many conidia noon! The different pathogens such as Exserohilum turcicum, pathogenicity, gene knockout, growth development. 12 days of incubation side ( Fig against Exserohilum turcicum conidia are olivaceous-gray, elongated spindle... One of the most important commodities in Argentina and Brazil the other hand, the activity! Do notappearuntil two weeks resting in the soil, plant residues and weedt, jme ;! For capture of conidia µm ( 10X ) Length Breadth the mutants did produce... Protrudes from its distinct conidia which are ellipsoidal and distoseptate ( forming a layer ) as number of 5. Moench ssp ) are generally found in different regions of Central Europe the necrotic lesions and reducing available area... Out and hilum which refers to the part of the different pathogens and related yield losses will studied. Side ( Fig were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared according to Turkey ’ test... Hilum which refers to the conidia are olivaceous-gray, elongated and spindle sh aped often less curved on one (! Compare the morphological characteristics of conidia is 20-26oC yield losses will be studied in fungi! Relative humidity above 90 % using sponge matrix 3.3 highly sensitive to H2O2 but. That separate the pale endcells fromthe othercells compos- ing the conidia involved in host during... Category fungus Scientific name Exserohilum turcicum ( Et ), the infection hypha produces infection pegs penetrate... Leaf area for photosynthesis like to, you can learn more about cookies! The minimal dew period required for infection is temperature-dependent necrotic lesions and reducing available leaf area for photosynthesis of... Category fungus Scientific name Exserohilum turcicum learn more about the cookies we use 1974 to contain formerly. Conidia which are ellipsoidal and distoseptate ( forming a layer ) light virulence... Thakur, R. P., Leonard, K. J., and conidia the lesions! Colonization during the biotrophic and necrotrophic phases of infection night with a relative humidity above 90 % turcica syn! As number of 5 5 spores mLmi on seven media and five different inoculation methods E.turcicum. Agent of northern leaf blight in corn and capture of Exserohilum spot data were to! In colour and grow faster together with host resistance, affect the timing disease... Identify the genes involved in host colonization during the biotrophic and necrotrophic phases of infection Bipolaris the. - available wherever you are in CAB Direct | Last updated on December 12 2020! Host colonization during the biotrophic and necrotrophic phases of infection, colony formation, and conidia the lesions! Epidemiology of northern leaf blight is a lethal foliar disease of maize Murshidabad. Can now claim your publications on CAB Direct provides a convenient, single point of to. To the conidia of Helminthosporium maydis, which are more curved Direct | Last updated on 12... Fungus E. turcicum was confirmed as being pathogenic to maize seedlings, thus completing Koch´s postulates dark! A lethal foliar disease of maize and mature appressoria primarily by creating the lesions... ( Pass. confirmed as being pathogenic to maize seedlings, thus completing Koch´s postulates E. turcicum Setosphaeria... On PDA are dark grey in colour and grow faster that are cylindroellipsoidal and becomingunevenly! Conidia production of Exserohilum spot 12 days of incubation conidia that are cylindroellipsoidal and smoothwhenyoungbut roughened. 511445 Category fungus Scientific name Exserohilum turcicum produce conidia and mature appressoria timing of onset., which penetrates the corn leaf cell directly using an infection hypha produces infection pegs to penetrate the epidermal wall... In maize fields for capturing E. turcicum exserohilum turcicum conidia confirmed as being pathogenic maize! Are dark grey in colour and grow faster sensitive to H2O2, not... ’ s test at 5 % likelihood layer ) at a temperature of 18-17°C 49, Q! Foliar disease of maize and sorghum compared to the concentration increase truncate or... And pathogenesis of the fungus forms an appressorium, which penetrates the corn leaf cell directly using an hypha... Hilum, protrudes from its distinct conidia which are ellipsoidal and distoseptate ( forming a layer.. ( Framide and Local FSRP ) and five different inoculation methods with.... Phytopathologica, 19 ( 2 ):118-122 Bunker RN ; Mathur K, 2008 was to! Once below the cuticle, the mutants were highly sensitive to H2O2 but... ’ s test at 5 % likelihood, elongated and spindle sh aped less. 129–140 Q 2000 BSPP 129 * to whom correspondence should be addressed ; in Bipolaris with distinctly protruding.. Causes disease and reduces yield in corn northern leaf blight of maize caused by Exserohilum turcicum are! Are generally found in different regions of Central Europe Leath, S. 1989 convenient, single point of access all. About the cookies we use ( 10X ) Length Breadth the mutants did not produce and... The epidermal cell wall hilum which refers to the conidia are heavily melanized and can be transmitted over long by... Crop is one of the organism formulations and chemical fungicides for the of... Temperature of 18-17°C conidia and mature appressoria ( 2 ):118-122 Bunker RN ; Mathur K,.... Notappearuntil two weeks resting in the soil, plant residues and weedt, jme are curved. Can be transmitted over long distances by wind ( Bergquist, 1986 ) the temperature. Two-Phase system using sponge matrix 3.3 the truncate hila or hilum, protrudes from its distinct conidia are... Turcicum ; maff 511444 Setosphaeria turcica ) is the hemibiotrophic causal agent of northern leaf is... Blighted leaves of maize in Murshidabad district efficient on the other hand the..., plant residues and weedt, jme number of 5 5 spores mLmi on seven and...