the system is or should be configured to work with multiple families of products. The factory would return the dog object as it will be more appropriate than the cat. The following is another very good use case of Abstract Factory Method borrowed from a Oracle documentation which shows how to model data access strategy if your client is only exposed to very specific DAO interfaces, but you have multiple data storage implementation available which can offer data access through the same interface. Let’s remodel the vending machine as shown in the image below. More beverages you add, more code you add or modify in the above code segment. These methods are very product specific method which are needed for setting the right amount of ingredients. Probably you would start with defining some coffee type enums & creating coffee objects in a if-else or switch statements or wrap this whole object creation logic in a factory, if you don’t know what a factory pattern is, please look at this post & understand that first. This main program will use the abstract factory for getting the factory objects. I did not use much theoretical terms in the explanation, rather kept it as much as practical as possible. All of the mentioned products implement make() method which will be invoked by the caller to finally prepare the product. The above videos are in Tamil and Telugu languages also. You have to design a generic vending machine which can provide you different variants of Coffee, Hot Water, Hot Milk, Coke, Lemonade & what not. Here’s another example. The first class will return “Java” because it’s related to programming and the second class will return “DSP” because it’s related to non-programming. Structural code uses type names as defined in the pattern definition and UML diagrams. Also there is a static method getProductFactory() which facilitates the discovery of factories to the client. In my previous article, we covered Factory Method Design Pattern In C#. And your switch case block has to be modified again. Here using Document Builder, I am getting the concrete objects for docFact” object. Moreover, if you need to add support for say tea, the factory has to know how to create tea & how to set its ingredients as well. In order to better understand, look at the hierarchy above, as explained try to figure out in your mind why different factories were created, how different setter methods are not used outside the factory, how the full abstraction is created & in which scenario this abstraction is applicable. Any thoughts, let me know in the comments please. Notice how the setter methods of all the product vary: Cappuccino & BlackCoffee have setMilk() method while Lemonade & CocaCola don’t have them. You have different data storage mechanisms like relational database, Xml format file storage & Object storage which can store customer & account data in different format but exposes them in the same way to the client. Abstract Factory patterns is a super factory which will return the best Factory based on the input. Only the factory knows how to instantiate the product, what quantity of ingredients to set, this abstracts out the product creation & parameter setting logic from the caller — caller does not need to care about how to create products, caller delegates the task of object creation to the factory & the factory does all the hard work. Real-time Examples of Abstract Factory Design Pattern. Abstract factory pattern implementation provides us a framework that allows us to create objects that follow a general pattern. How will you accommodate those changes in the above code? So now your coffee creation code looks something like below: See the above code block. It should be easy to change formula of any of the beverages. So we are dealing with runtime polymorphism for sure but at the same time the instantiation logic or parameter setting logic are completely different from each other. Factory Method: creation through inheritance. Hypothetical scenario but quite possible in some form or the other. The “getSource” will return the actual source objects based on the input while “getCourse” will return only null because the “source factory” doesn’t consist of anything related to “Course”. This “FactoryCreator” will return the best factory object based on the input. In this case, we are calling, “course.getCourse” programming. Cat and Dog belong  under domestic category and Lion and Tiger belong under the wild category. This tutorial highlights implementing the abstract factory design pattern in your Java projects, focusing on implementation, structure, and helpful examples. These objects have some meanings in group. Abstract Factory Design Pattern Video in Tamil. This is helpful when an object needs to be created from a family of classes. The advantage of the approach is: Note: It’s not mandatory to create a factory for each product, if you have multiple products which can be created with same setter methods (same preparation materials), which only vary in terms of quantity of ingredients, they can be created through a single factory. Cool! The “Source” interface consists of a solo abstract method called “public String getSource”. All the source code for this post available on Github Repo . In the above code snippet, the caller of the above getCoffee() method may set different quantity of milk, sugar, water etc after getting an instance of the coffee. How will you support those scenarios in your code? ... At this point in time, ... there is a good chance that you need Abstract Factory Method design pattern. The above approach works. In this example also you have multiple implementations which are instantiated by their corresponding factories but they all serve the same purpose to the client — exposing DAO1 & DAO2 operations. The second statement “FactoryCreator.getSourceCourseFactory”. In other word we can say that we have some objects and they are grouped. Customization & Preparation are sample generic objects showing what can be the possible customization parameters & overall ingredients in the system across products. Such different category objects creation under the same umbrella is supported by Abstract Factory Method. Consider another scenario, what if I say the DEFAULT values that are defined above should come from different configuration file or data source or different service? This means that whenever you buy a product on Amazon from a link on here, we get a small percentage of its price. As you know that the design patterns have three categories named creational, structural and behavioral respectively. After a lot of search and study, I endeavored to find an actual need for the abstract design pattern. Typically, when the underlying implementations or mechanisms of object creation vary a lot but those implementations can be placed under the same top level umbrella & you need same public API to access them, there is a good chance that you need Abstract Factory Method design pattern. In other words, this model allows us to create objects that follow a general pattern.An example of the Abstract Factory design pattern in the JDK is the new… Real World Example Implementation of Abstract Factory Design Pattern Let’s consider a scenario where a Laptop dealer (Client) buy a Laptop (Product) as per customer need. For example a project in Abstract factory pattern, which also has some database associated with it . Real-world code provides real-world programming situations where you may use these patterns. Design Patterns: Learning Abstract Factory Method through real life examples. You need to modify the same code again & again. One is “getSource” one is “getSource”. If the input is online, it will return the “online” object. If you have reached this much, please share this article so that other people also benefit. The “Domestic Animal” factory would manage these classes. So coke has completely different set of ingredients. Factory Method Pattern. Abstract Factory patterns is a super factory which will return the best Factory based on the input. “SourceCourseFactory” consists of two abstract methods,”getSource” and “getCourse”. I know there are many articles available for Abstract Factory Pattern but my goal is to explain this concept with a simple and real-world example. These are the three requirements based on which the “Animal Factory” would try to return the appropriate factory. Example: Black Coffee might not require sugar, it only requires coffee powder, water or milk. Try to see if you already have same sort of use cases & how to map them to this design approach. Here the course will be “programming” it would return “ProgrammingCourse”.Using that object, we are calling “getCourseName”.So  programming “course.getName” is returned Java. The abstract factory pattern provides a way to encapsulate a group of individual factories that have a common theme without specifying their concrete classes. Here, the appropriate factory would be “Wild animal” factory. This is just a plain violation of Single Responsibility Principle. An attempt was made by a group of four people, famously called the “Gang-Of-Four” or GoF, to come up with a set of common problems and solutions for them, in the given context. Real-world code in C#. Coffee products Cappuccino, BlackCoffee, juice product like Lemonade, Coke product like CocaCola, other products like HotMilk — all implements the Product interface because as per the assumption of our system, we are creating different products with the same interface for the end user. Since the input for this sourceType is “online” so it will return online object. It provides an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes. This “FactoryCreator” is the “abstract factory” for this application. Hope both the examples clear your concept about Abstract Factory Method pattern & most importantly when to use them. a family … So at runtime, abstract factory is coupled with any desired concrete factory which can create objects of desired type. 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